Liquid-fuel burner.



BCIKAHN.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER..

v APPLICATION FlLED FEB. 5,19l7.

mmm Jan. 22, 1918;

head provided with openings and having t EDWARD c. KAHN, or MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

reattore l Specification of Letters Patent.

Applicaticn filed February. 5, 1917. 4Serial No. 146,538.

To all whom z''mey concern.'

Be it known'. that l, Emvmzn C.'KAHN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Milwaukee, in the county of. Milwaukee and Stateof Wisconsin, have inventedl certain `new and useful Improvements in Liquidy Fuel Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descri tion thereof. v

invention relates to new and useful improvements in .liquid fuel burners, more particularly of that type including a burner L multiplicity of jet disposed there adjacent a vaporizing chamber adapted to receive heat from the jets of the burner head.

It is in general the object of my invention .to simplify the-structure and to increase the. l vefficiency of .20

burners of this nature.

p More specifically it is Vention to provide a burner head having its jet apertures so arranged with respect to the supply passages thereof as to prevent the possibility of the occurrence of combustion within the burner head, it being more specific-ally an object to effect this result by providing Afor a ,comparativelyA rapid flow of fuel gas immediately adjacent the jet apertures.

A further important object .resides in the provision of a vaporizing chamber associated with the burner head in such manner as to procure an eiiicient vaporizing heat therefrom,l and wherein means is provided for preventing a too great heat of the vaporizing chamber whichmight result in melting the walls thereof.

A further object resides in the provision of a burner headA and vaporizing chamber-so disposed as to provlde for the passage of air there-between 1n such manner as to insure a proper combustion at the outer-most jet apertures to prevent possible escape of unburned gas and to' prevent the occurrence of soot.

A further object resides inthe provision oi an exceedingly compact general assembly of the burnerhead vaporizing chamber and associated parts whereby the entire burner may be supported by the fuel supply pipe thereof.

A more detailed object resides in the provision of an expansion chamber immediately `adjacent the inlet mouth of the vaporizing an. object of my in.

with. an acute .chamber whereby to provide for precipitation of possiblesediment contained in' the fuel, and further whereby to prevent an excessive supply of fuel to the vaporizing chamber which might result in flooding said i chamber. I

A further object resides in the provision of a means associated with the vapor dis` the nozzle should it become clogged. Y With the above and other objects and advantages in view the invention resides more particularly in mationand arrangement of parts hereinafter described and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the'drawings:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view through the entire burner, the plane of this view with respect to the fuel expansion chamber being indicated by the line 1-1 of Fig. 3. y

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary horizontal sec-` tional view through one side portion of the burner on the line 2*2 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 3 is an elevational view ofthe fuel expansion chamber.

Patented aan.; ee', raie.

the novel combination, forcharge nozzle of the burner for cleaning out Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view through the nozzle cleaning mechanism on the line 454 of`Fig. 1.

Referrin now more particularly to` the accompanying drawings, 5 designates :the y upstanding supply pipe of the burner, and this supply pipe is threaded in one end of an obtuse elbonT section 6, and this elbow section is connected by preferably integral bars 7 elbow section 8 having threaded in its up-standing end the vapor discharge nozzle 9 and connected at its other end by` a suitable coupling 10 with a vapor pipe 11 extending from the vaporizing chamber.

of the acute elbow section 8 is the lower portion of a skeletonfcage 12, having an upper l Also threaded on the upper end4 reduced neck portion receiving the lower end ci a mixing tube 13 which has its upper end engageable in a nipple 14 depending from a fcireular plate 15 which forms the bottom of the burner head. This plate is provided with a relatively narrow lpstanding peripheral fiange 16 and seatfod non .this iiange is the peripheral edge of a plate 17 forming the top of the burner head. "".Iheplates are held 'together by rivets 18'passed through their casing is less than the diameter of tht-,burner head whereby to overhang the burner head and thus intersect the axes of the outermost jet apertures oi the burner head which, as will be later described, are disposed at the peripheral portion ot its top. '.lhe inner wall of the vaporizing chamber is projected vertically downward to form an annular apron 2() disposed in spaced relation about the burner head to thus define an annular air inlet passage there-between, and' the Cri burner head and vaporizing chamber are "connected by bolts passed through said apron and through down-turned peripheral ears 2l on the. top plate ll7 ol the burner head. The apron 20 has also secured thereto hanger arms 22 which support an annular trough 23 adapted to receive a suitable fuel tluidt'or initially heating the burner to start its operation. l

Depending 'from one side of 'the vaporizing chamber lt) is a fuel expansion chamber 24 which is decidedly oblong in shape at its upper portion, and which is taperingly decreased in length and tapcringly increased in width toward its lower end to merge hilo a nipple section 25 receiving a coupling nipple 2Gr which is suitably connected by the coupling 27 with the upper end ot a pipe 28 which has its lower end connected by a coupling 2t)- with the upper end o't` the obtuse elbow section t5 which is carried on the main supply pipe 5. The vapor pipe 1l extending ironrthe elbow casting is connected at its upper ,end by a similar coupling 30 and nipple 3l with a depending nipple enlargement 32 of that portion ot the vaporizin'g chamber which is diametrically opposed to the expansion chamber 24.

Thus the fuel passes -from the supply and supporting` pipe 5 into the expansion chant ber 24 t'roxn whence it is branched to extend t0 the sides of the vaporizing chamber, and these branch streams of fuel which are vaporized upon their passage, through the chamber are united at the nipple en largcment and pass downwardly through the pipe 11 and the elbow section 8 and are discharged from the nozzle 9, drawing sittlicient air into the mixing tube 13 to insure proper ignition. The expansion chamber 24 provides for the precipitation of possible sediment in the fuel, and also provides for the storage of an auxiliary quantity of fuel whereby a continuous and uniform llow through the vaporizing chamber is pro\ ldetl and also prevents flooding otE the vaporizmg chamber by the fuel.

('oncentrit'; staggeret'l series of jet apertures 352-3 are provided in the peripheral por tion of the top plate 1T ol the burner head, the outermost axes ot these apertures, as statt-d, intersecting` the inner wall of the vaporizing chamber. '.lhus an annular bed ot' apertures is provided, which is ot a width equal to substantially one-ti'tfth the diameter of the burner head. lmmediately inwardly ot thev bed ot jet apertures, the top plate is provided with an annular upwardly inclined portion whereby the central portion of the plate is upwardly'oltsetto such extent that the lheightv ott the chamber delined by the plates ot? the. burner headv is substantially doubled at its central portion. ly this arrangement'. an accelerated tiow otl fuel vapor is procured immediately adjacent the jet apertures to prevent possible bach-tire which would cause Combustion within the burner head, experience having demonstrated that the occurrence ot such combustion ereatesa heat sutlicient to melt the burner head. lt. is noted that the pressure and consequently the velocity of the :tuel vapor tends to decrease as it moves outwardly into the head due to passage through successively increasing circumferential areas. In my improved construction, however, this action is eounteracted by decreasing the height ot the cham ber, to thusl reduce the circmnterential passage areas ot the vapor in'nnediately in advance ot' the jet apertures.y As the vapor moves` past the inner jet apertures, its pressure. ainleonsequently its velocity tends to increase due to the re-heating effected by the jets.

Returning now to the `vaporiaing cham ber. it is noted that the chamber is shielded to some extent by the annular lihn of air tlowing beween the apron 2() ot? the chamber and the burner had. When the burner is operating at a relatively low heat, -the volume ot air drawn through this annular passage by the flames is considerably less than the volnnn` ot air drawn therethrough incidental to operation of the burner at. a relatively high heat. Thus, an automatic control is provided for preventing` an exttt) eessive over-limiting ot the vaporizing chalnlier which might melt it, while at the same time a sutlicient vaporizinglhait is at all times assured due to the intersection ot the inner 'all thereof by the outermost jet aperture axes." By providing a vaporizing chamher which is upwardly elongated in cross i1;

section and inelining both vot its side walls inwardly, a proper heating ot all portions ot the t'uel passing therethrough is insured.

'l`he annular current ot air passing between the vaporizing chamber and burner head, in addition to its function of preventlng excessive heating of the chamber also serves to exert a lateral pressure on the vapor emerging from the outermost jet apertures whereby to direct said vapor inwardly toward the body of the lame and prevent possible escape .of unignit-ed,gas. Also by supplying a sulieiency of voxygen at the outermost and consequently theJ coolest portion of the body of the ame, the occurrence of soot is prevented.

` To provide a device for cleaning the needle passage of the nozzle plug 9, the angle portionof the elbow section 8 is enlarged to provide a chamber 34 which is closed athone end by a cap 'threaded therein, and whichha's its opposite wal-l elongated to form a; bearing for the shaft 36 having an operating handle 37 on. its outer end, and

having a plate 38 on -its inner end to which eccentrically pivoted an arm 39 terminating 1n a needle section disposed :in the pasi sage of vthe nozzle plug. This passage, to

provide for a maximum cleaning thereof is taperingly decreased-in width ,from its lower end to -a point immediately adjacent dts upper end. Thus by swinging the arm 37, the needle will lbe projected through the 'upper end of the passage to clear it of any possible obstructions. The arm is normally urged to its retracted position by the weight ofthe operating arm 37. For procuring a tight engagement of the plate 38 with the vis supported upon the ing'noted that the mutually connected burner ber and bears against lthe closure cap 3 5.

adjacent end yot the chamber 34, an eX- pansile spring 40 is 4disposed in the chainsaid plate and against Attention is directed tothe mutual'supporting relation of the various parts `of my improved burner whereby the entire burner supply pipe 5, lit behead and surrounding vaporizmg chamber are supported on the. single elbowcasting,

both by thepipes 11 and ing'tube 13. c

'While I have shown and` described a preferred embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that to use, various modifications of structure may be resorted to without departing jin any manner from the spirit of the invention or exceeding'the Ascope of the appended' claims.

`What is claimed: .1

ll. Ina Huid fuel burner, a burner head comprising a'circular bottom plate provided centrally with an inlet port, atop plate disposed in spaced relation thereabove, an an-4 nular bed ofy vertically extending jet apertures in the peripheral portion of the top plate `'and' the central portion of one of the plates being outwardly oifsetwhereby to increase the height of' the chamber defined by said plates.

2.. In a fluid fuel burnena burner head y elbow -section :one of the elbow 28, and by the mix-v meet difering condilons of section,

including a bottom plate provided with a central inlet port, a top plate spaced therefrom and provided with an annular bed of vertically extending jet apertures in its pc- 'ripheral portion, and that portion of the top plateimmediately inwardly of said jet apertures being inclined upwardly whereby increase the height of the chamber defined and said offset plate portion by said plates,

throughoutI with the other being parallel central plate portion whereby to define uur formly successively increasing circumferential areas of passage. i

4. A` finid. fuel burner comprising a circular burner head having vertically extending jet apertures, 'an annular vaporizing hamber disposed about theburner head and having its inner wall inclined inwardly to intersect the axes of the outermost apertures, and an annular' apron depending from the vaporizing chamber whereby to form iny conjunction with the peripheral wall of the burner head an air inlet passage.

'5'. In a fluid fuel burner, la pair of conne'cted elbow sections, said sections compris-4 ing an obtuse elbow section and an acute. a supplypipe connected with one of saidsections, a burner head, a mixing tube connected with the burner head andsections, a vaporizing chamber disposed adjacent the burner head and connectedtherewith, a fuel pipe connecting the vaporizing chamber and the elbow section connected with the supply pipe, a vapor pipe 'connecting the other elbow section and vaporizing chamb e r, and said pipes serving to suppqrt .the burner head and vaporizing chamber upon the elbow sectlons.4

6. A fluidv fuel burner, comprising a burner head, and a vaporizing chamber there-adjacent having its inner wall inclined inwardly to intersect the axis of the outermost portion of flame from sai dburner head, an'inlet for said chamber, and an outlet oppositesaid inlet, said chamber being mcreased in size at said inlet,l substantially as describe@ 7 7. In a fluid fuel burner, -a pair of connected elbow sections comprising an obtuse elbow section and an acute elbow section, a supply pipe connected with the `obtuse elbow a burner head, a mixing tube conwith th burner head and the acute a' vaporizing chamber disthe burner head, a pipe connected elbow section, posed adjacent the central portion of the -plate is upwardly V mention between said obtuse elbow section :md the vaporzing Chamber, a vapor 'pipe connecting said acute elbow section and the vaporizing chamber, and controlling means carried by said acute elbov rectiom substantialy as described.

In testmfmy that claim 53h@ fcueffong have hereunto sot my hand at Tvilwnuko in the county of vihvzmkec und. State of Yfisconsn, in the presence of two wtnesqes. J1:

' RDYVARD G. KANN. Witnesses FRANK S. RATGLIFFB, M. DOWNEY. 

